Method for one-bath dyeing of blends consisting of synthetic and cellulose fibers

ABSTRACT

Process for simultaneously dyeing by the one-bath method with dispersion and reactive dyestuffs blends of synthetic and cellulose fibers in an alkaline medium by the thermosol process, wherein as dispersion dyestuff a 1,4-diamino-2-alkylsulfonylanthraquinone in which the amino group in 4-position is substituted by a phenyl radical is used.

United States Patent Von der Eltz et al.

[ 1 Mar. 14, 1972 [54] METHOD FOR ONE-BATH DYEING OF BLENDS CONSISTING OF SYNTHETIC AND CELLULOSE FIBERS [72] Inventors: Hans-Ulrich Von der Eltz, Frankfurt am Main; Richard Gross, Munich, both of Germany 7 f f i '7 WWW [73] Assignee: Farbwerke Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft volmals Meister Lucius & Bruning, Frankfurt am Main, Germany [22] Filed: Mar. 28, 1969 21 Appl. No.: 811,632

[5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,486,837 12/1969 Neeff et al. ..8/39

OTHER PUBLICATIONS King, (ADR-AATCC) 1964, Feb. 17, p. 132-- 134 Primary Examiner-Charles E. Van Horn Assistant ExaminerPatricia C. Ives AttorneyCurtis, Morris 8:. Safford [57] ABSTRACT Process for simultaneously dyeing by the one-bath method with dispersion and reactive dyestufi's blends of synthetic and cellulose fibers in an alkaline medium by the therrnosol process, wherein as dispersion dyestuff a I,4-diamino-2-alkylsulfonyl-anrhraquinone in which the amino group in 4-position is substituted by a phenyl radical is used.

3 Claims, No Drawings METHOD FOR ONE-BATH DYEING F BLENDS CONSISTING 0F SYNTHETIC AND CELLULOSE FIBERS The present invention relates to a process for one-bath dyeing of blends of synthetic and cellulose fibers. It is known that blends consisting of cellulose and synthetic fibers, preferably fibers containing linear high-molecular-weight polyesters, can be dyed or printed simultaneously with reactive and dispersion dyestuffs by the thermosoling process.

in the known thermosol technique an aqueous preparation containing besides the dispersion dyestuff and the reactive dyestuff an alkali and, if desired or required, further additives, for example, wetting agents or thickeners, is applied to the fiber blend. The so-treated material is subsequently dried and subjected for 30 to 60 seconds to a heat treatment of about l85-230 C. Thereby, the part of the polyesters in the blend is fixed and conferred its optimum technological properties while, simultaneously, the fixation of the dispersion dyestuff in the polyester fiber and of the reactive dyestuff in the cellulose fiber takes place.

However, the alkali present in the padding liquid or printing paste necessary for the fixing of the reactive dyestuff so strongly diminishes the color yield in dispersion dyestuff (especially with the blue dispersion dyestuffs) that in certain cases only about 2040% of the quantity normally achieved by the thermosoling in an acid medium are obtained. Therefore, numerous attempts have been made to avoid the loss in the dyestuff yield in dispersion dyestuffs by adding auxiliaries, for example, polyglycols or urea. However, up to the present time neither a convenient method nor a special product have been found susceptible of substantially avoiding the negative effect which the alkali exerts in the fixation of the blue dispersion dyestuffs.

To eliminate the loss in dyestuff yield experienced with blue dispersion dyestuffs, generally, the operation is still as follows: The blend of fibers is at first padded with a liquor (adjusted to a pH between 5 and 6) containing both the dispersion and the reactive dyestuff. After drying the material impregnated with the two dyestufis and thermosoling in an acid medium so as to fix the dispersion dyestuff on the part of the synthetic fiber, the reactive dyestuff is fixed on the cellulose-fiber part of the material by treating the dyeing with an alkali. However, this two-step method requiring consecutive separate fixation of each type of dyestuff is uneconomical because necessitating considerable expenditure.

lt has now been found that the drawbacks described hereinbefore may be avoided in the therrnosol process and blue dyeings can be obtained by simultaneously dyeing in a single bath in an alkaline medium blends of synthetic and cellulose fibers with dispersion and reactive dyestuffs without or with a negligible loss in the color yield in dispersion dyestuff, when as dispersion dyestuff a compound of the general formula O NIL-R2 wherein R represents an alkyl radical, preferably an ethyl radical, and R represents hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl is used. Such dispersion dyestuffs are disclosed in German Pat. No. 1,198,781 and Gennan Pat. No. 1,266,902.

ln the formula of the dispersion dyestuffs used in the present process, R preferably represents a phenyl group substituted by one or more alkoxy groups, preferably methoxy groups and/or by one or more halogen atoms, usually chlorine, the substitution by halogen influencing particularly favorably the dyestuff yield. Analogously, a substitution of the phenyl radical R, by alkyl groups, especially methyl or one or more chlorine atoms is very advantageous. Moreover in anthraquinone dyestuffs having the above-identified formula,.a replacement of the alkoxy groups at the phenyl radical R by dialkylamino groups is most favorable in regard to color yield.

However, in this case, in the majority of cases the color shade shifts toward a bluish green.

As reactive dyestufis in the present process the organic dyestuffs commonly understood by this term are used, i.e., especially such dyestuffs that contain at least one group reacting with the cellulose fiber, a substance forming such groups or a substituent reacting with the cellulose fiber. As parent substances of said organic dyestuffs especially those selected from the group consisting of anthraquinone, azo or phthalocyanine dyestuffs are suited, both the metal-free and also the metalliferous azo or phthalocyanine dyestuffs being applicable. As reactive groups and substances forming such reactive groups in an alkaline medium, for example epoxy groups, the ethyleneimino group or a vinyl group in a vinylsulfone, vinylsulfonylamino or acrylic acid radical may be named, particularly, however, B-sulfatoethylsulfonyl or ethionylamino groups. Moreover such dyestuffs may be used the reactive group of which, for example the vinyl group, has been converted by action of an alkali into the hydroxy group. As suitable reactive substituents in reactive dyestuffs there may be furthermore applied such substituents which are easily split off and of which there remains an electrophilic radical. As examples the halogen atoms at the following cyclic systems may be cited; quinoxaline, triazine, pyrimidine, phthalazine or pyridazone. Such reactive dyestuffs are known, for example, from U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,097,216, 3,197,456 and 3,385,843, and German Pat. No. l,l09,807.

As alkaline substances suitable for the fixing of the reactive dyestuffs in the present process chemicals commonly applied for the purpose are used, for example; sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or trisodium phosphate in the amounts usual.

In the process, to the padding liquors may be added without difficulties known auxiliaries, for example, wetting or dispersing agents or products such as borax, which reduce the yellowing of the cellulose fiber that occurs in the thermosoling of dyeings due to the action of heat.

The fixing temperatures to be observed in the process of the invention must be adjusted to the respective conditions. Generally, these temperatures range between, approximately, and 230 C. The fixing time, which mainly depends on the dispersion dyestuff to be fixed and, possibly, also on the respective fibrous material generally, is 20-90 seconds, approximately.

In the majority of cases, fixing times of about 30 to 60 seconds are sufficient. The method disclosed is preferably applied for dyeing blends of fibers of native or regenerated cellulose and fibrous materials containing linear high-molecularweight polyesters. However, it is likewise applicable to the dyeing of blends of cellulose and other synthetic fibers, for example polyamide fibers. Since. for dyeing the part of the cellulose fiber in the blend, substantially, all known reactive dyestuffs are suitable including those yielding, for example, yellow, orange, red, green or black shades, the present process is also appropriate for the production of twocolor dyeings.

The following Examples are to illustrate the invention but they are not intended to limit it thereto, the parts and percentages being by weight unless otherwise stated.

EXAMPLE 1 A fabric consisting in a ratio of 67:33 of linear polyester and cotton fiber was padded on a foulard with a squeezing effect of 60% with an aqueous liquor containing per liter 30 g. of a dispersion dyestuff of the commercial type corresponding to the formula I ll 0 NH- 30 g. of a reactive dyestuff of the formula COOH (US. Pat. No. 3,097,2l6, Example 1, commercial type), 20 g. of sodium carbonate and g. of borax.

After the padding the so-treated fabric was dried for l minute at 140 C., whereupon it was subjected for 60 seconds to treatment by dry heat of 210 C. Thereafter, the fabric was rinsed as usual and aftertreated subsequently.

On the blend there was obtained a blue shade as deep on the part of the polyesters as could be achieved by padding in an acidic medium.

EXAMPLE 2 Dyeing was effected as indicated in Example 1 using as dispersion dyestuff the compound of the formula S Oz-CaHa and as reactive dyestuff the reactive dyestuff described in Example 1. On the blend a blue dyeing was produced.

EXAMPLE 3 Dyeing was effected as described in Example 1 using as dispersion dyestuff the compound of the formula SOz-CzHt A NHQ-CHa and as reactive dyestuff the compound of the formula On the blend a blue dyeing was produced.

EXAMPLE 4 Dyeing was effected as described in Example 1 using as dispersion dyestufi the compound of the formula B Og-CzHs and as reactive dyestuff the compound of the formula (US. Pat. No. 3,385,843, Example 1).

A two-color dyeing was produced showing on the part of the polyesters a blue and on the part of cotton a yellow coloration. A loss in color yield of the blue dispersion dyestuff did not occur.

EXAMPLE 5 Dyeing was performed as indicated in Example 1 using as dispersion dyestuff the compound of the formula.

(German Pat. No. 1,109,807, Example 2).

As textile material a fabric consisting of linear polyester and cellulose fibers of the ratio :30 was employed. A two-color dyeing was obtained presenting on the part of the polyesters a 70 blue and on the part of the cellulose a red coloration. A loss in the color yield of the blue dispersion dyestuff did not occur.

EXAMPLE 6 Dyeing was performed as stated in Example 1 using as dispersion dyestufi" the compound of the formula and as reactive dyestuff the compound of the formula (US. Pat. No. 3,197,456, Example 22 and line 30 of Column 5).

As textile material a fabric made of linear polyester and cot- 1 ton fibers of the ratio: 50:50 was used. A two-color dyeing greenish blue on the part of the polyesters and orange on the part of cotton was produced without any loss in the color yield of the dispersion dyestuff used.

We claim:

1. ln a thermosol process for the single-bath dyeing of materials composed of blends of polyester and cellulose fibers from an alkaline medium simultaneously with disperse and reactive dyestuffs the improvement which comprises using a dyebath containing as disperse dyestufi a compound of the formula NIH-B: 

2. A process according to claim 1 wherein a disperse dyestuff is used in which R2 in the given formula is a monochloro- or dichloro-phenyl.
 3. A process according to claim 1 wherein a disperse dyestuff is used in which R2 in the given formula is a chlorophenyl substituted by lower alkyl or lower alkoxy. 